Description

There are N integer pointers, indexed from 0 to N-1 (N<100). Each pointer initially points to an integer of value 0.

There are two kinds of instructions. The instruction “S n k” is used to set the integer, which pointer n points to, to be k. For example, S 1 10 means that the integer that pointer 1 points to is set to 10. And the instruction “P n m” means that pointer n points to the integer that pointer m points. For example, P 2 1 means that pointer 2 points to the integer that pointer 1 points to. After P 2 1, pointer 2 and pointer 1 point to the same integer, which is pointed by pointer 1. 

Note that you don't have to change all the pointers if one pointer changes its target. The following table is an example. The instructions are P 1 2 and then P 2 3.  You do not have to change the target of pointer 1.

Finally, output all the values that pointers 0 to N-1 point to in order.

Note that

1.      This problem involves three files.

• function.h: Function definition of execInstruct.
• function.c: Function describe of execInstruct.
• main.c: A driver program to test your implementation.

You will be provided with main.c and function.h, and asked to implement function.c.

2.     For OJ submission:

       Step 1. Submit only your function.c into the submission block. (Please choose c compiler) 

       Step 2. Check the results and debug your program if necessary.

Hints:

main.c

function.h

Input

The first line contains two positive X and Y. X indicates the size of data. Y indicates that there are Y instructions needed to be done.

The next Y lines contain the instructions.

Output

All the values that pointers 0 to pointer N-1 point to in order. Each value is seperated by a blank ' '.

# Note that there is no '\n' at the end of the output.

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Sample Output  Download

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Description

In this problem, you are asked to design two functions
    1.

unsigned** new_2d_array(unsigned n,unsigned m);

malloc an n*m 2D unsigned array, and then return its address. The main function will check the correctness of your array.

    2.

void delete_2d_array(unsigned **arr);

Free the memory space of your array that was previously allocated by using malloc. Be careful about the memory uage of your program allocated dynamically so as to avoid MLE.

The two functions have been declared in function.h, and you are asked to complete the function definitions in function.c.

Your program should construct the 2D array by using only two malloc function calls. Notice that malloc is a time-consuming operation.

Note: for OJ submission:

       Step 1. Submit only your function.c into the submission block. (Please choose C compiler) 

       Step 2. Check the results and debug your program if necessary.

Input

Please refer to the main function.

The input only has one line, consisting of four positive integers t,n,m,r separated by space characters, where t is the number of tests, (n,m) represents the array size, and r is a parameter for testing. 

Note that n*m<=100000000 and t*n*m<=100000000

Output

In order to test your array's correctness, we will use your array to do some computations and output the results.

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Sample Output  Download

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Description

Given a two-dimensional array of size R _x 5 (1 < R < 100).

We want to sort the two dimensional array according to each row.

For example:

After sorted

Note that

1.      This problem involves three files.

• function.h: Function definition of sortArray.
• function.c: Function implementation of sortArray.
• main.c: A driver program to test your implementation.

You will be provided with main.c and function.h, and asked to implement function.c.

2.     For OJ submission:

        Step 1. Submit only your function.c into the submission block. (Please choose c compiler) 

        Step 2. Check the results and debug your program if necessary.

Hints : bubble sort algorithm

/* Using bubble sort to rearrange an array A[n] */

for (i = n; i > 0; i--) {

   for (j = 1; j < i; j++) {

      if (A[j-1] > A[j]) {

         /* swap A[j-1] A[j] */

      }

   }

}

function.h

#ifndef FUNCTION_H #define FUNCTION_H #define COLUMN 5 void sortArray(int R, int (*array)[COLUMN]); #endif

main.c

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "function.h" int main(void) { int i,j,n,N,R; scanf("%d", &N); int (*array)[COLUMN]; // array is a pointer to an one-dimensional array of COLUMN elements for(n=0;n<N;n++){ scanf("%d", &R); array = (int(*)[COLUMN])malloc(sizeof(int)*COLUMN*R); for(i = 0; i < R; i++) for(j = 0; j < COLUMN; j++) scanf("%d", &array[i][j]); sortArray(R, array); for(i = 0; i < R; i++){ printf("%d", array[i][0]); for(j = 1; j < COLUMN; j++){ printf(" %d", array[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } if(n!=N-1) printf("\n"); free(array); } return 0; }

Input

The first line has an integer N(1<=N<=5000), which means the number of test cases.

For each case, the first line has an integer R (1<R<100) represent the numbers of rows. The following R lines, each containing 5 integers, specify the elements of the two-dimensional array.

Output

Print out all elements of the sorted array row-by-row.

All of the integers in the same line are separated by a space and there is a '\n' at the end of each line. All of the arrays should be separated by a new line character (\n).

Sample Input  Download

Sample Output  Download

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