Description

Warning: You are not allowed to use malloc and free

Giving a bass-class Shape3D and 4 derived class : Sphere （球體）, Cone （圓錐）, Cuboid （長方體）, Cube （立方體）

You need to calculate the volume of each shape.

PS:

V of Sphere: V = 4/3 π r³

V of Cone: V = 1/3 π r² h

 

note : Remember to do some basic check, if the input is illegal (e.g.  length < 0, pi < 0 .....)  then the volume should be 0.

You don't need to consider the scenario like Cuboid -1 -2 3, volume would be 0 instead of 6.

Hint1: Be careful the type of volume is double.  4/3=1 (int),  so it should be 4.0/3.0

Hint2: You only need to implement the constructors.

Hint3: Note that Cube inherited Cuboid not Shape3D.

 

 

Input

There are only 4 shapes in this problem :

• Sphere, following by its radius and pi. (e.g. Sphere 30 3.14)
• Cone, following by its radius of bottom plane, height and pi. (e.g. Cone 3 100 3.14)
• Cuboid, following by its length, width and height. (e.g. Cuboid 2 3 7)
• Cube, following by its length. (e.g. Cube 2)

Output

Ouput the total volume of all the shapes.

Sample Input  Download

Sample Output  Download

Partial Judge Code

11443.cpp

Partial Judge Header

11443.h

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Description

A pascal triangle is a triangle full of numbers in the following rule:

• The left most number and right most number of each row is 1

• For the rest of the numbers, they are the sum of the two numbers directly above it

The following is a picture of a pascal triangle with height = 5.

Given a pascal triangle with height h, please calculate the sum of all numbers in the pascal triangle.

Since the sum is very large, it is suggested to implement a Big Integer class to calculate the answer. For sample code of Big Integer class, please refer to hw4.

Hints and Reminders

• Try to observe the sum of each row in the pascal triangle

• Be careful of overflow while implementing big integer

• 

Input

The first line contains a single integer T, meaning that there are T test case in one input.

Then there are T lines, each lines contains a single integer h, begin the height of pascal triangle.

• 1 <= T <= 100

• 1 <= h <= 100000

Output

For each test case, output sum of all numbers in the pascal triangle in a line.

Sample Input  Download

Sample Output  Download

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